What do you know about temperature sensors?

A temperature sensor is a sensor that detects the temperature and converts it into a usable output signal. The temperature sensor is the heart of the temperature meter and there are many variants. Depending on the measurement method, it can be divided into two categories: contact type and non-contact type. According to the properties of sensor materials and electronic components, it can be divided into two categories: thermal resistance and thermocouple.

How do temperature sensors indicate the temperature?

What types and characteristics of temperature sensors are there?

How do temperature sensors work?

How do temperature sensors indicate the temperature?

Temperature sensors are generally a sensor thermometer that measures temperature according to the principle that the resistance of conductors or semiconductors changes with temperature. If the temperature sensor wants to display the resistance in digital or pointer form, it is necessary to display the resistance value. Convert it to a current signal or voltage signal (available for a temperature transmitter), then convert it to a digital signal using the ADC, and then calculate the temperature value with the total range. Then it can be displayed by means of communication, LED display, LCD display, voice transmission and so on.

What types and characteristics of temperature sensors are there?

Depending on the contact method, it can be divided into contact temperature sensor and non-contact temperature sensor;

The characteristics of the contact temperature sensor; The sensor touches the measuring object directly to measure the temperature. Since the heat of the measuring object is transferred to the sensor, the temperature of the measuring object is reduced, especially if the measuring object has a small heat capacity, the measurement accuracy is low. The prerequisite for such a measurement of the real temperature of the object is therefore that the thermal capacity of the measured object is large enough.

The non-contact temperature sensor mainly uses the thermal radiation of the measured object to emit infrared rays to measure the temperature of the object and perform telemetry. The manufacturing cost is high, but the measurement accuracy is low. The advantages are that it does not absorb heat from the measuring object; does not interfere with the temperature field of the measuring object; The continuous measurement generates no consumption and the reaction is fast.

How do temperature sensors work?

When two conductors made of different materials are connected to each other at a certain point and this connection point is heated, a potential difference arises at the point where they are not heated. The magnitude of this potential difference depends on the temperature of the measuring point in the unheated part and the material of the two conductors. This phenomenon can occur in a wide temperature range. If the potential difference is accurately measured and then the ambient temperature of the unheated part is measured, the temperature of the heating point can be exactly known. Since it must have two conductors made of different materials, it is called a "thermocouple". Thermocouples made of different materials are used in different temperature ranges and have different sensitivities. The sensitivity of the thermocouple refers to the change in the output potential difference when the temperature of the heater changes by 1°C. For most metal-based thermocouples, this value is approximately 5 to 40 microvolts/°C.

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